Herbs are a good starting point when you are planning a garden, for not only are they important for seasoning and cooking, but they can be planted to define borders, deter insects and encourage the growth of other plants.

• Basil differs from many popular herbs in its preference for moist, rich soil conditions. It's a summer-growing annual and is frost-sensitive.



• Cilantro, or coriander, a pungent herb of tropical Asian origin, is related to parsley. It requires warmth and plenty of water in the summer growing season. The plant tends to run to seed, so make sure you buy a nonbolting variety.



• Mint is a flavoring herb with many varieties, tastes, and aromas. Popular varieties include apple, spearmint, and peppermint. Mint spreads profusely, so keep the plants contained.



• Oregano and marjoram are very similar and are often confused: Marjoram is the milder tasting of the two. Use either one in stuffings or in dishes with a Mediterranean flavor. Golden and variegated forms are useful ground covers.



• Sage, particularly common sage, is a major culinary herb, but most other members of the Salvia family have cosmetic uses.

Keep in Mind As a general rule, herbs need full sun (at least six hours a day) and good drainage. Many scented herbs, such as oregano, rosemary, and thyme, originated on stony Mediterranean hillsides where their roots found relief from hot, dry conditions in cracks under boulders. Most such herbs are not overly particular about soil fertility, but beds should be enriched before planting with a 2-inch layer of well-composted manure or leaves.